SG: Was the topic of “action-oriented exams” also part of your training? After all, the exam format must fit the country’s legal framework.
PJ: Yes, that was a big topic. The advantage is that the model schools we work with are already oriented toward the German training system. These schools are implementing elements of action orientation in their teaching, moving away from traditional teacher-centred instruction.
SG: Is the training at these model schools in China also state-recognized?
PJ: Yes, the training is state-recognized in China, even though it is based on the German system.
How do the international political tensions, such as the classification of China as a “partner, competitor, and systemic rival,” affect your collaboration?
PJ: The discussions, particularly in the wake of the Ukraine war, certainly have an impact. International competition has intensified. However, this competition also offers opportunities, especially regarding innovation and technological progress. It’s important to view these developments in a differentiated way. Even in our committees – such as the board of the Chamber of Skilled Crafts – we have consciously discussed this. The project was indeed viewed critically. However, the prevailing conclusion was that one cannot isolate oneself, and the cooperation also presents opportunities. The people on-site are open, friendly, and welcoming during our visits, and the joint projects are implemented wonderfully.
What hurdles and challenges have you already overcome along the way, and what still remains?
PJ: One challenge is the visa issue. Apprentices from outside the EU normally do not receive a visa for an internship in Germany. Fortunately, the German-Chinese Friendship Circle has maintained good relations here, allowing us to find a solution. Another issue is the language barrier. The Chinese apprentices had basic knowledge of English, but a lot of technical terminology is used in the companies, and not every German skilled craftsman speaks perfect English. However, through practical activities using hands and gestures, we were able to overcome this language barrier.
Environmental protection and sustainability are central issues in skilled crafts. What role do these aspects play in your cooperation with China?
PJ: Environmental protection plays a significant role. A striking example is electromobility, which is being strongly promoted in China. In recent decades, China has prioritized economic growth, but environmental protection and sustainability are now important topics. China is very advanced in electromobility and is pushing its products into the European market. The size of many Chinese cities, with large populations, raises additional questions about how to implement sustainability. Through this, we learn about the topic in new dimensions and different contexts.
How might the cooperation develop in the future?
PJ: We want to further develop the topic of examinations and see how it can be implemented in China. Additionally, we aim to expand the cooperation into other fields, such as precision mechanics.